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Leonardo Bonacci (c. 1170 – c. 1250)known as Fibonacci (), and also Leonardo of Pisa, Leonardo Pisano Bigollo, Leonardo Fibonacciwas an Italian mathematician, considered to be "the most talented Western mathematician of the Middle Ages".〔Eves, Howard. ''An Introduction to the History of Mathematics''. Brooks Cole, 1990: ISBN 0-03-029558-0 (6th ed.), p 261.〕〔http://famous-mathematicians.org/〕 Fibonacci popularized the Hindu–Arabic numeral system to the Western World〔http://www.halexandria.org/dward093.htm〕 primarily through his composition in 1202 of ''Liber Abaci'' (''Book of Calculation'').〔(Leonardo Pisano – page 3: "Contributions to number theory" ). Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2006. Retrieved 18 September 2006.〕 He also introduced to Europe the sequence of Fibonacci numbers which he used as an example in ''Liber Abaci''.〔Singh, Parmanand. "Acharya Hemachandra and the (so called) Fibonacci Numbers". ''Math''. Ed. Siwan , 20(1):28–30, 1986. ISSN 0047-6269]〕 ==Life== Fibonacci was born around 1170 to Guglielmo Bonacci, a wealthy Italian merchant and, by some accounts, the consul for Pisa. Guglielmo directed a trading post in Bugia, a port in the Almohad dynasty's sultanate in North Africa. Fibonacci travelled with him as a young boy, and it was in Bugia (now Béjaïa, Algeria) that he learned about the Hindu–Arabic numeral system.〔 Fibonacci travelled extensively around the Mediterranean coast, meeting with many merchants and learning of their systems of doing arithmetic. He soon realised the many advantages of the "Hindu-Arabic" system. In 1202 he completed the ''Liber Abaci'' (''Book of Abacus'' or ''Book of Calculation'') which popularized Hindu–Arabic numerals in Europe.〔 Fibonacci became a guest of Emperor Frederick II, who enjoyed mathematics and science. In 1240 the Republic of Pisa honored Fibonacci (referred to as Leonardo Bigollo)〔See the incipit of ''Flos'': "Incipit flos Leonardi bigolli pisani..." (quoted in the MS Word document (''Sources in Recreational Mathematics: An Annotated Bibliography'' ) by David Singmaster, 18 March 2004 – emphasis added), in English: "Here starts 'the flower' by Leonardo the wanderer of Pisa..." The basic meanings of "bigollo" appear to be "good-for-nothing" and "traveller" (so it could be translated by "vagrant", "vagabond" or "tramp"). A. F. Horadam contends a connotation of "bigollo" is "absent-minded" (see first footnote of ("Eight hundred years young" )), which is also one of the connotations of the English word "wandering". The translation "the wanderer" in the quote above tries to combine the various connotations of the word "bigollo" in a single English word.〕 by granting him a salary. The date of Fibonacci's death is not known, but it has been estimated to be between 1240〔.〕 and 1250,〔.〕 most likely in Pisa. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fibonacci」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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